Costs to construct pavements for building or infrastructure projects present challenges to the cost engineer and designer when selecting the lower cost alternative. Concrete pavements traditionally have a higher initial cost than asphalt pavements, however, concrete usually has a longer life and lower long-term maintenance costs. Concrete pavements may have different base structures to enhance their useful life and minimize long-term maintenance. The purpose of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of concrete pavements having different base structures to assist cost engineers and designers in linking total life-cycle costs with actual performance. Different pavement base structures used in the analysis consist of a standard aggregate base and a modified high-performance aggregate base. The life-cycle cost analysis found that a plain dense-graded aggregate base provided the lower cost alternative than modified base alternatives for concrete pavement. A modified base having drainable aggregate had a lower surface roughness, but was 10% more expensive when total life cycle costs were considered. A better performing asphalt-treated base was estimated to be 29% more expensive than a standard plain base.