Inflammation and Regeneration are closely linked to each other and their significance in translational research is rapidly increasing. In the dental pulp, invading bacteria cause carious lesions due to the bacteria releasing toxins as well as competing for nutrients. The odontoblasts and the dental pulp cells are able to detect infection and release several pro-inflammatory mediators including increase in cytokines and chemokines which result in the recruitment of immune system cells to target the invading microbes. recent observations suggest that the local inflammation produced by injury and its timely resolution are both important for regeneration. The dental-pulp harbors a variety of cell-types which can mediate an innate immune response. Thus, the current treatment modality would be to develop anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory approaches for regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex. Thus, both adaptive immunity with regenerative competence is required for dental pulp and dentin regeneration and repair.