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Individuals from ethnic minorities and women often report more pain and receive less pain treatment than men and ethnic majority individuals in both clinical and experimental settings. Although the existence of these pain disparities is well documented, the sociocultural factors contributing to them are not well understood and even less is known about their neurobiological underpinnings. In this seminar, Dr. Elizabeth Losin will present a neurocultural model of pain that outlines and connects cultural and neurobiological mechanisms that may account for some of the observed ethnic group differences in pain. She will then present a number of studies that test some of the mechanisms outlined in the neurocultural model, specifically studies that address three potential contributors to gender and racial/ethnic disparities in pain and pain treatment: 1) Life history factors that could influence pain perception including experiences like discrimination and beliefs about the causes and consequences of pain, 2) The clinician-patient relationship, and 3) Clinicians' biases in perceiving their patients' pain and decisions on how to treat it.