Presented by: Michelle Albino, LVT, VTS (Anesthesia & Analgesia)

Intraoperative Fluid Therapy: Developing a Hypotension Algorithm
Fluid administration in human and veterinary patients is in constant reevaluation. Fluid therapy is not benign – finding the right amount and type are key to successful patient outcomes. We’ve been instructed to hold back on fluid rates and total doses administered perioperatively in the past 10 or so years, however the pendulum may have swung too much. Fluid therapy must be based on patient exam and evaluation, and steps to treat hypotension need to be discussed preoperatively to help avoid fluid overload.
This 1-hour lecture will review the basics of intraoperative fluid therapy including dosing, fluid excess, and monitoring for fluid effectiveness. Attendees will familiarize themselves with more novel fluid therapy recommendations and how they apply to a balanced anesthesia approach.
Learning Objectives:

1. Understand the difference between relative and absolute hypovolemia
2. Review cardiac output and arterial blood pressure formulas and discuss a hypotension algorithm
3. Discuss how to prescribe goal-oriented, patient specific IV fluid protocols for patients undergoing anesthesia including indications for multi-modal anesthesia

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ECG Interpretation for the Anesthetized Patient
This 1-hour lecture will review the electrical conduction system of the heart and proper ECG placement and clinical utilization. The most common ECG abnormalities will be described, including how to troubleshoot and treat.
Learning Objectives:

1. Evaluate an ECG using a stepwise approach
2. Understand common causes of ECG abnormalities in anesthetized patients
3. Discuss types of arrythmias commonly seen under anesthesia and how to treat them
4. Review medical case examples