Enamel pathologies may result from mutations of genes involved in amelogenesis, or from specific environmental conditions, factors and life habits. Over the past century the levels of environmental toxins and chemicals have increased, as have exposure to novel molecules or combination of factors that can affect enamel formation. These environmental effects, which are recorded in the mineralized enamel matrix, may result in changes to the dentition that increase the risk of dental diseases. Environmental effects on tooth formation occur in the presence of increased Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs), stress response, and excess fluoride. Ameloblasts express steroid receptors, which may cause them to be directly susceptible to environmental effects related to stress or EDCs. This symposium will feature an international panel of experts who will highlight the effects of environmental influences on enamel formation. The purpose of this session is to highlight an emergent area of research into environmental conditions that have adverse effects on enamel formation during development.